Dog & Badger, Maulden

DOG and BADGER
The pub named the Dog & Badger in Maulden was associated with the Hallworth family.
That's the Dog & Badger at 109 Clophill Rd/ Badger Hill, Maulden, Bedfordshire, whose website can be found here...

not the Dog & Gun (Saffron Walden), the Dog & Duck (Houghton Regis), the Dog in a Doublet (Biggleswade), or even the Dog & Donut (Luton)!

The brother of our direct ancestor (Charles Hallworth 1785-1853), Phillip Hallworth was the licensed victualler at the Dog & Badger pub in the year 1841. More details later on this: first let's learn about Philip.



Philip Hallworth (1788-1848)
I'm very grateful to Barbara, Susan & Patti for their help with many of the details in this family. Apologies to anyone who I haven't credited properly, this is getting unwieldy!!.
Barbara is descended from Philip's younger brother, Jonathan.  Susan, meanwhile, is related through the Timms family (married Elizabeth Hallworth, born 1796).  Patti is descended from David Hallworth, son of James Hallworth & Margaret Hyde (Pulloxhill).
They have done a great deal of research in the area and were generous in sharing the results. Again, a deal of helpful information came from the Bedford & Luton Archives & Records Service (BLARS - I've tried to include a useful reference each time I've quoted their material).

So between us we find that Philip Hallworth was born in Bedfordshire (Pulloxhill?) in ~1787, and that he married Sarah Brazier. He was a younger brother to our Charles Hallworth, a Miller in Maulden, born 1785. Read about their parents: here.

Philip worked as a Licensed Victualler (though I presume he worked in the farms of the area before settling in this position).

His wife Sarah Brazier (or Brasier) was born in Barton in the Clay, Beds. There are several matches for her, but the best one is this one {Thankyou, Patti!} :-
Sarah Brasier married to Philip Hallsworth, born 1787 Barton in the Clay, baptised 4 Mar 1787 Barton in the Clay, daughter of Luke and Hannah Brasier.
Luke Brasier b 1753 Barton married Hannah Eames on 26 May 1777 Barton, and had 12 children there including Sarah.  (Info from Barton parish register.)

Philip married Sarah in Barton on 27 Dec 1810.  They had no children of their own; at least none that we know of.

Here's a simple tree to help us get them straight, but do please shout at me if I have made a mistake:

My husband is descended from John & Eliza Hallworth at the bottom there {follow this link to read more about Philip Junior, or about John}.


Who was Licensed Victualler of the Dog & Badger?:

Very early records seem to refer to a cottage, not a pub -  "The Badger" of Maulden; e.g.

• a legal paper from 1736 - "Cott in Maulden once in occ Thos Underwood - known as the 'Badger'"
• a legal paper from ~ 1743, found in BLARS; "messuage called "The Badger" and 15 acres - late in occ. Jn. Godfrey now of Samuel Quimby".

Not sure about this one from 1820 {BLARS ref L10/67-68} - does it mean the pub itself, or is it just referred to as the site of an auction? -

"Conveyance (L. & R.), Covenant to levy a Fine. 133 (vii - vi); and Assignment. 142 (vii - i, ii, iii, i?) (i) Wm. Brown of Maulden, victualler and w. My. Ann. (ii) Jas. Brown of Maulden, yeo. & w. Eliz. (iii) Jos. Brown of Maulden, yeo. (iv) Jn. Brightman of Maulden, & w. Eliz. (nee Brown) (v) Jos. Smith of Ampthill, whitesmith (vi) Robt. Juggins of Harlington, yeo. (vii) Robt. Arnold of Ampthill Grange, yeo. (viii) Wm. Cook of Ampthill, innkeeper. (ix) Ezra Eagles of Ampthill, gent. (x) Geo. Meacher of Ivinghoe, Bucks., brewer. (Rec. of 10/60, 61, 62. Rec. 120 + 13 interest due to vi. Rec. in part of 10/66. Rec. i, ii, iii, & iv put up property of 10/60 with other premises for sale by public auction at the 'Dog and Badger', Maulden, on 1 May 1820, vii purchased property of 12/62 (Lot 1.) for 275. 133 from this to be pd. to vi.) (To viii in trust for vii) cott. & croft, Maulden & 1 1/2a. occ. I. redr. of term of 1000 yrs. in above assigned vi - ix in trust for vii (Rec. of 10/50) Covenant of x with vii to produce title deeds at request & costs of vii. Witd.: G. Hooper, Dunstable; E. Eagles jun., ix's clk.; Chas. Cooley."

More info on this TrunkCalls page about Maulden Licensees.


Also, some Photographs
You can compare the old photos with some modern-day images on the Pub's own website: here.

Here's a photo of the Dog & Badger which was copied from the "Bedfordshire Magazine", volume VIII, p198  - the photo was taken around 1962. It shows us that it was a Flowers pub. (Thanks to BLARS for allowing it's reproduction, and to Barbara for her favour in passing it on to us here.)

- 1953 Calendar of drawings by Jaques Browne of houses of J.W.Green Limited Group of Breweries, includes Dog & Badger of Maulden {BLARS ref. WB/Green7/4/3}
-next, from ~1960, a photo taken of the exterior front of the Dog & Badger.
-Brewery archives tell us that the pub was leasehold in 1972.


I don't know exactly when Philip Hallworth began to be victualler at The Dog & Badger, but he certainly was there by the year 1822 {BLARS ref: CLP13 Reg alehouse licences, 1822 until 1828} - see this page for further info.

1823 - In the Nottinghamshire Archives, a document is held which is a Receipted account of Philip Hallworth for beer for Mr. Gibbs' men paid by Mr. Richardson  DD/1251/28/5  28 Mar. 1823. Curious - but I can't yet be sure it is 'our guy'.

And he was there in the year 1827:
An inventory of an Ampthill Brewers {BLARS, Morris, ref Z 1043/1} from the year 1827 (when Philip would have been 39) has the following entry about The Dog and Badger, Maulden:
"freehold public house, occupied by Philip Hallworth, with a double bayed barn, double stable, cart shed, etc., eight acres of garden ground, five acres pasture land, and nearly two acres of arable land situated at a short distance from the house"

And also in 1831; this info comes from old documents listing plots of land {held in BLARS, dated December 1831}
- "cottage in Maulden with barns, stables etc. called Dog & Badger with close of arable and garden belonging of 8 acres and site or toft with barn, yard and close in Lowsey Mead of 5 acres in occupation of Philip Hallworth";
- "plot of 1a 2r 36p in Maulden in occupation of Philip Hallworth" {that's 1 acre, 2 rods, 36 poles, for those of you who don't speak Victorian - 1 acre is 4 roods.}

In the 1841 Census:
Dog & Badger - Philip Hallworth & wife Sarah in the 1841 census - also with Sarah (21) & Jonathan Hallworth (19).
(In the 1841 census schedule there is also the name Frances Lamas, aged 17; is she part of Philip's household, or living next-door??)
So, Philip seems to have been the Victualler, occupying the Dog & Badger in 1822-8 and in 1841.

The Dog & Badger passes to Jonathan Hallworth
Philip Hallworth died aged 60 in the year 1848, leaving his wife Sarah but no children. He was buried at the recently restored St James the Apostle Church, Pulloxhill on November 10th, 1848. (Read more about the church here.)

His estate was left to his wife, and then to 3 of his nieces & nephews; Jonathan & Sarah (whose father was Jonathan) and George (Charles' son).

Philip's will {held in the Bedford Archives, and generously shared with me by Barbara} tells us that the most favoured of them seems to have been his younger brother's son, Jonathan Hallworth. He was nominated (or volunteered!) to take over Philip's business.  The 3 nieces & nephews inherited lump sums and several cottages in Maulden (excepting George who only received £50). The will tells us that in 1848, nephew Jonathan Hallworth was already occupying a cottage & premises {presume the pub??} in Maulden, so I'd presume that he was already the Victualler while Philip was ill/retired.

Phillip's nephew Jonathan Hallworth was born in St. Albans (Herts) in ~1822. His baptism record was found on IGI {eventually - the name was transcribed as Johathan} - 16 SEP 1821 at Saint Michael  parish, Saint Albans, Hertfordshire, England. His parents were named as Jonathan & Mary Hallworth.

In the Maulden Parish marriage records for Philip's niece, Sarah Hallworth, (November 1842, to market gardener James Brightman) we learn that her father was a miller, Jonathan Hallworth.

Parents of Philip & Charles... & Jonathan Hallworth?
The parents of Philip & Charles were Thomas Hallworth and his second wife Elizabeth. {Recorded as Hallsworth, Thanks Susan} Thomas was a dairyman, who lived in Pulloxhill from 1749-1812.  Susan found out about Thomas when reading the will of his younger brother, James (also a dairyman, in Pulloxhill, married to Margaret Hyde.)

{We don't yet know anything about their parents, the earlier generation.  A possible hit on IGI for Thomas' christening? Thomas Aldsworth, Watford, Herts - 16 Mar 1746 - parents Thomas & Hannah Aldsworth}

Thomas, then, had two wives. First was Sarah who had two sets of twins, as well as some singleton babies.  She died in around 1783-4, perhaps with the birth of her final child William in 1783. We know, by the by, that the older set of twins died as infants, and the younger set of twins girls were brought up by their Aunt & Uncle {source - PR & the Aunt's will, through Susan. More on Uncle James another time?}.

His second wife was Elizabeth, whom Thomas married in 1784/5?.  She was mother to Philip & Charles.  Could they also have had a third child, Jonathan, who later married Mary, settled in St Albans and had a son Jonathan in 1821?   {I haven't found a marriage record yet for Jonathan & Mary - but I have seen them in the Census returns, now that I've been shown where to look!}

Susan tells me that Thomas' last child, Jonathan was born in 1790, in Hertfordshire.  Wonder why he was born there?  We know that his parents had returned to Pulloxhill by the time of their death.
What drew them to settle there?  Actually, it's not that far away - only around 20 miles, further down the M1.

Jonathan & Mary had 10 children in St Albans/Hemel Hempstead.  The son Jonathan married Maria Sharp {source IGI} who was from Maulden, in the year 1842. They had two sons George & Phillip, and a daughter Sarah (all born in Maulden 1842-1858). He became the Dog & Badger publican.

1851 census
In the 1851 census, at the Dog & Badger Inn, Maulden we see a Jonathan Hallworth (29, born St. Albans, Herts.) who is a Victualler & Market Gardener (having 12 acres, & 3 Labourers). His wife is Maria (32, born Maulden) and they have 2 young sons (George & Phillip) and a servant.

Next door is Philip's widow & Jonathan's Aunt, Sarah Hallworth of Barton in the Clay, Beds. She is described as a retired Victualler - we know she had no surviving children of her own, but we also know that she had nephews/nieces in her charge for some time.

According to the list of publicans licensed for the Dog & Badger {BLARS}, Jonathan Hallworth was there at least from 1853 - 1864.

According to the olde trade directories, Jonathan's listed at the Badger, Maulden in 1854.
A reference in BLARS from October 1860 lists several pubs linked with the Morris brewery, and it lists Jonathan Hallworth as landlord for the Dog & Badger then.

The Maulden church, St. Mary's was extended and improved - the works were finished in 1859.  You can read more about the history of St Mary's at their site, here.
The Maulden History Society has a site here, and the Bedfordshire group of Local History Societies can be found here.

1861 Census
Sarah Hallworth (born Barton-in-the-Clay) is head of her own Household in Maulden, aged 77.
Sarah Hallworth died in Autumn 1861; her death was registered in the last Q of 1861, in Ampthill district. The probate register entry is seen in this post - the estate was worth under £450.

A note about a sale of goods from October 1861 tells us that Philip's widow Sarah has passed away (very quick sale!), {BLARS ref SF39/114}:
"Household furniture, linen and china, carpenter's tools and other effects to be sold on the premises near the Dog and Badger, late in the occ{upation} of Mrs Sarah Hallworth, deceased." It is a fascinating catalogue of her personal effects.

Image above, of the Sale Poster, reproduced thanks to BLARS and more particularly to Barbara for passing it on to us. If you click on the image, you should be able to read the list very clearly.

I had to use Google to discover what several things were... Pier Glass is a tall thin mirror; a plait mill would be used for straw plaiting; a clothes flasket is a shallow basket; a dark lantern which has a sliding cover; and a tent bedstead is a simple Fourposter.
Fascinating to see that the sale even included pickles and ketchup in the kitchen, apples, and 5 cwt of coal in the yard!

The Carpenter's Tools are described as "very excellent" and the tool chest is particularly admired;  "fitted inside with 2 sets of mahogany drawer, slides, etc.".  They do sound like a professional set, not just the kit of a hobbyist - but I haven't heard of anyone in the family described as a carpenter, yet.
Aah - looked up in the historical P.O. directory for Bedfordshire, 1854 - there are two Hallworths in Pulloxhill who would have made use of those tools - Samuel the Wheelwright, and William the farmer and carpenter.
No sensible reason yet as to why the family were selling these tools off!
Some such tools would have been useful to the Millers, for maintenance of the wooden structures... but they continued as Millers well after this Sale.


In 1861, we know (thanks to the Census) that Jonathan was living & working at the Dog -
he & his wife, Maria; his two boys, and a daughter Sarah.

Jonathan's daughter Sarah Hallworth was born in 1858, but there is a record of a girl matching her profile who died in Wilhamstead in 1864, aged just 6.


Hallworths call time at the Dog & Badger
From records held at BLARS, we know that by 1864, there was a Mr. Sharp at the Dog. The local trade directory also lists George Sharp as the victualler there in the year 1876, and an archive list of licensees there suggests he remained from 1864 until 1903. (Trade Directories weren't published regularly).
Was he perhaps a relative of Maria Sharp, Jonathan's wife?



1871 Census
Certainly by 1871, Jonathan has changed trades - he was then recorded as a Farmer of 83 acres employing 2 men & 4 boys.
The buildings and garden area next to the pub were auctioned off in November 1872.

BLARS holds a sale poster from November 1872 for:-
"Sale poster for auction at the King's Arms' Inn, Ampthill, of 4 freehold cottages, barns and premises and garden ground situate near the Dog and Badger Inn... by direction of Jonathan Hallworth" (BLARS ref SF39/24):

(Again, many thanks to Barbara for passing on this image from the BLARS archives. Click on image to enlarge.)
It tells us that the garden is laid to Fruit Trees. A Pole is about 30 square yards.

1873 - Jonathan's son Philip (born 1846) married Ellen Cox (or Cod) in Wilshamstead, and they settled as farmers in Houghton Conquest, Bedfordshire.


The 1881 Census tells us that Jonathan was a farmer of 50 acres, employing 1 man & 2 boys.  He is aged 60, and lives with his wife Maria (62), son George (38, Farmer's Son) and niece Mary Brightman (aged 28, soon to become George's wife, in 1883).  The household live at Village St. in Wilstead.

1883 - Jonathan's oldest son George (born 1843) married Mary Brightman (a cousin) in Maulden. He worked as a farmer & Miller, and the couple had 5 children born at Cotton End, Bedfordshire. Both of the sons became Millers.

1891 Census
Jonathan continued as a Farmer, but was also a Corn Merchant by 1891.  He lived next door (or opposite) to the Red Lion, Wilstead.
Jonathan (70, Farmer & Corn Merchant), Maria, & niece Sarah Brightman (41, companion).

Death of Jonathan - 1898, aged 76, in Wilstead, Beds. Jonathan Hallworth was buried at Wilstead All Saints, in 1898.


A document in the Bedford Archives (BLARS) tells us that the "Dog & Badger, Maulden, was in occupation of Jane Sharpe" around the date 1907, I think.

And Finally...
And finally, a reference to the modern-day licensee, Mr Hallworth, of the Cross Keys pub at Wood End, Kempston Rural.



Hallworth Ruffians
A little postscript here for you (but you can read much, much, more about the Bedfordshire Hallworths with criminal records by clicking: here):

Record from Bedford Archives online, from 1827, was fascinating in it's brevity... what on earth was the crime?
BLARS ref QSR/28/1827/302 -  Information of Chas. Halworth; "helped to mark tickets which Thos. Wheeler tied on to the pigeons. Information of Thos. Wheeler; tied the tickets on at the Dog and Badger."
Charles Hallworth was the Dog & Badger publican's brother at the time.

Ah! - on reading BLARS ref QSR/28/1827/298, I see that Charles Hallworth was no criminal at all, but rather he helped to play detective!
Thomas Hine was suspected of stealing another man's homing pigeons. To identify the pigeons, Wheeler & Hallworth tied marked tickets to each (at the Dog & Badger), released them and went home to see where the pigeons arrived. "On arriving home he found a great number of pigeons around his dove-house, about twenty of which had tickets attached to them."
Ingenious.


So, we've also ended where we began!!

Read more about Charles and his descendants here, or about Philip's parents here.